Churn.



PATENTED JUNE 4, 1907. J. SMITH.

GH-URN.

APPLICATION nun JULY 12, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

7 0 9 1 4 E N U 70 D B T N E T A D m. N mm SH c APPLICATION FILED JULY 12, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SECRET 2.

STATES PATENT OEFTC.

JOSEPH SMITH, OF LOAMI, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN W. GREY, OF MAXWELL TOWNSHIP, SANGAMON COUNTY, ILLINOIS.

CHURN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 4, 1907.

Application filed July 12. 1906. Serial No. 325,873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosEPH SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Loami, in the county of Sangamon, State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Churns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention has relation to churns ofthe rotary class that may be operated by hand or power.

It is the object of the invention to provide a simplified construction having an enhanced efficiency to a degree that butter will not only be made very much quicker than by churns of common construction, but the cream or milk will be so thoroughly agitated or beaten that the separation of the serous parts of the mass from the other portion or portions will be, to all intents and purposes, complete so far as can be ascertained from the operation of the churna second churning producing nothing in the way of butter.

The invention consists of an organization characterized by several peculiar parts and features that are shown in the drawings, and that Will be described in view of the same and pointed out with particularity in the concluding claims.

Of the said drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of my improved churn. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken in the plane of the axis of the crank and the vertical bevel gear operated by it, looking down upon the churn. Fig. 3 is also a transverse sectional view through the parts just above the step of the rotary shaft, near the bottom of the machine. Fig. 4 is a sectional detail veiw, showing how the cover is secured in place. Fig. 5 is a detail view, showing the angular relationship of the dashers with their respective shafts whereby one set of dashers will tend to force the cream upward and the other downward.

Similar figures of reference designate the same parts or features, as the case may be, wherever they occur.

In the drawings, designates the body of the churn that may be cylindrical or nearly so, it being a little larger in diameter at the top than at the bottom, or vice versa, in order to tighten steel hoops thereon, as is understood by those skilled in the art.

11 is the bottom secured in place, as is common. In the bottomis secured a suitable step 12 for the foot 13 of the shaft or spindle 14 carrying the lower flights or dashers 15, and provided centrally with a shoulder 16 for the bottom bearing of the reversely ro rary sleeve shaft 17 that is provided with the upper flights or dashers 18.

19 is a cover for the churn consisting of a flat disk with a central opening for the sleeve shaft 17 and its inclosed shaft 14 and affording a bearing for the crown bevel gear 19 secured to the sleeve shaft 17, and for the bracket 20 provided with suitable bearings for the horizontal shaft 21 to which the crank 22 is attached. On the inner end of the crank shaft 21 there is a bevel pinion 23 that meshes with the bevel gear 19 and the reversely arranged bevel gear 23 on the top of shaft 14, by which the latter is driven when the crank is turned, in a direction op posite to that in which the bevel gear 19 is operated.

The cover 19 is provided on its edge with horizontally projecting pins 24 that are disposed to enter holes 25 formed in the upper loose ends of springs 26 secured to the side of the churn and extending above its top, as shown.

The crank 22 may be placed on the squared end of the shaft 21, the crank being provided with a similarly shaped hole to receive it, and a nut 21 may be secured on the threaded end of the shaft 21 to receive the crank as will be understood. This construction, in most cases, is better than screwing the crank 0n the end of the shaft 21, as artisans will understand.

In use the shaft 14 and sleeve shaft 17 will be fitted in place with their bevel gears 23 and 19 attached thereto, all as has been explained. The shaft 14 will have its foot stepped in the removable bearing 12, and the sleeve shaft 17 will rest at its bottom on the collar 16 on the said shaft 14. By the rota tion of the crank, under these circumstances,

the paddles of dashers 15 and 18 will be operdirections the dashers on the sleeve will tend to force the cream downward, while those below, fixed to the shaft will tend to raise the cream or force it upward, creating counter currents and an increased agitation of the mass is effected by the meeting of the two opposed currents, besides the action is such as to assist in the union of the molecules of the serious matter so fast as butter is formed. Of course, the axial inclination of the paddles or flights 15 and 18 will be slight and not so abrupt as to impede the operation of the machine or secure the specified results aimed at.

The step 12 is arranged so that it can readily be taken out in the cleansing of the churn and washed; and, besides, it will not be made of corrosive material or of a substance that might prove harmful to the cream in the churn.

The dashers will be provided with as many and as large or small openings therethrou h as may be considered best and conduce to t e easiest and best operations of the machine.

The arrangement of the dashers on the sleeve and shaft at re ular intervals from the top to the bottom of the churn and at the same angle or inclination or with the same 5 obliquity to the axes of the sleeve or shaft,

whereby counter currents are created in the cream in the churn and thorough agltatlon of the cream is secured, is an important feature of the invention.

The simple arrangement for securing the lid on the churn is such as to provide a tight connection with it and the top of the churn body-so that cream will not leak through between the parts and yet secure a means of quick removal or partial removal of the cover to examine the progress of the churning and the replacement of the latter.

that is claimed as the invention, is

A churn embodying in its construction a cylindrical body, a centrally disposed shaft provided with a collar, a step upon which the shaft rests, a sleeve shaft surrounding the first-mentioned shaft and resting at its bottom on the said collar, each of the said shafts beingprovided with a plurality of pairs of paddles or dashers the paddlesof each pair being set obliquely to the axes of the shaft and sleeve and arranged at regular intervals on the shaft and sleeve from the top to the bottom thereof and on diametrically opposite sides of the said shafts, whereby one plural set of dashers may tend to force the cream downward and the other plural set will tend to force it upward or in a reverse direction creating counter cur rents meeting at the longitudinal center of the churn, and means for operating the said shafts, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH SMITH.

Witnesses DAN STURGIS, HENRY HOVEY. 

